简述乒乓球的基本规则(乒乓球比赛怎样计分)

  • 时间:2026-02-12|
  • 来源:81

乒乓球的基本规则

乒乓球是一项非常受欢迎的运动,它的规则十分简单。以下是乒乓球的基本规则:

比赛人员和装备

1. 比赛人员:每个队伍由1-3名选手组成,其中每场比赛只能有2名选手参加。比赛开始前,队长要向裁判宣布参赛选手名单。

2. 球拍:球拍必须由木材制成,表面只能贴上一层厚度不超过0.3mm的橡胶。球拍的长宽比不得超过1:1.5,总重量不得超过100g。

3. 球:比赛使用的球必须是白色或橙色的球,直径为40mm,重量为2.7g。

比赛规则

4. 开球:比赛开始前,进行抛硬币决定发球方。发球方必须将球轻轻扔起,让它落在自己侧的球桌上,然后击球使其飞过网,落在对方侧的球桌上。

5. 计分规则:比赛采用三个赢局制。每局比赛的得分先达到11分者获胜,且必须领先对手2分,如果比分为10平,则需要继续比赛直到一方领先2分为止。比赛胜负以先赢两局的一方为胜。

6. 换边:每局比赛比赛进行到一方得分总和为5分时,进行换边。比赛进行至每局比赛中任何一方先得分10分时,暂停比赛,进行1分钟的休息。

犯规规则

7. 犯规:乒乓球比赛中有以下几种犯规情况:

(1)发球不合法:发球时,球必须先落在发球方的右半边区域,然后再越过网落在对方的左半边区域。如果发球不合法,则算对方得分。

(2)接发球不合法:对方发球时,接球必须在其弹起前或弹起后的第一次接触时击球。如果接发球时用手指接触球,或者接触球时球不在桌面上,或者球击中了桌面以外的物体,则算对方得分。

(3)球出界:当球在击球后落在对方的桌面上,但落在桌面边缘或角落时,则算对方得分。如果球触碰了桌子的边角,但没有落在对方的桌面上,则算对方失误。

(4)违反规则:如果选手在比赛中违反规则,例如在比赛中故意延迟时间或者挡住对手的视线,裁判可以给予警告。如果选手再次违规,则可以扣分或取消比赛资格。

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